Businessweek

ibutor of pharmaceuticals and medical supplies direct to healthcare providers for office or clinic administration. Through its CuraScript Specialty Distribution business unit the company provides distribution services primarily to office and clinic-based physicians treating chronic disease patients who regularly order high dollar-value pharmaceuticals. The company provides pharmaceuticals and medical supplies. CuraScript Specialty Distribution operates three distribution centers to ship most products overnight within the United States, as well as provide distribution capabilities to Puerto Rico and Guam. Payor Services: The company provides a case management approach to manage care by fully integrating pre-certification, case management and discharge planning services for patients. Clients The company’s clients include managed care organizations, health insurers, third-party administrators, employers, union-sponsored benefit plans, workers’ compensation plans and government health programs. It also provides specialty services to customers, which include managed care organizations, health insurers, third-party administrators, employers, union-sponsored benefit plans, government health programs, office-based oncologists, renal dialysis clinics, ambulatory surgery centers, primary care physicians, retina specialists, and others. Competition There are a number of other PBMs in the United States against which the company competes. Some of these are independent PBMs, such as Catamaran and MedImpact. Others are owned by managed care organizations such as Aetna Inc., CIGNA Corporation, OptumRx (owned by UnitedHealthcare), and Prime Therapeutics (owned by a collection of Blue Cross Blue Shield Plans). Some are owned by retail pharmacies, such as Caremark (owned by CVS). The company also competes against adjudicators, such as Argus. Government Regulation and Compliance Government Procurement Regulations: The company has a contract with the United States Department of Defense, which subjects it to all of the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulations and Department of Defense FAR Supplement, which govern federal government contracts. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 Regulation: The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 regulates certain aspects of employee pension and health benefit plans, including self-funded corporate health plans with respect to which the company has agreements to provide PBM services. Other Business Operations Services: Many of the laws and regulations cited above with respect to the company’s PBM activities also apply with respect to its various Other Business Operations services. Of particular relevance are the federal and state anti-kickback laws, state pharmacy regulations and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Service Marks and Trademarks The company has registered certain service marks, including EXPRESS SCRIPTS, MEDCO, CURASCRIPT, ACCREDO, CONSUMEROLOGY, UBC, MY RX CHOICES, and RATIONALMED with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. History Express Scripts Holding Company was founded in 1986. The company was incorporated in Missouri in 1986, and was reincorporated in Delaware in 1992.